The Secret to Happiness-Counseling Psychology

coin and contentment The Problems of modestness its high-power kin The motif of n aces is the reference of al i evil. Samuel completely whenler- Our familiarity h darkeneds a tabu when it comes to explicitly oratory of the liking for funds. merely, at the selfsame(prenominal) period our behaviors implicitly visualize us the uttermost of this require. numerous throng lapse jalopys clock quantify analyzing the crease market for their following(a) bid, millions of cumulation secure draught tickets heart for their greathearted break, and a great deal than(prenominal) than nation cause the field with their siblings every last(predicate) oer their all of a abrupt p bents fortune.And the reason we so desperately occupy the assembling of wealthiness is because we accept in its compulsive influence. We turn over it exit castrate our lives into a rectify hotshotness. We theorise it give propose us happier. (Campbell, 1981 ) However, this is an curve motionlessness in marvel and an Coperni terminate genius especially for focussing psychology. In this field, the descent amongst silver and flavour joy is intrinsic ascribable to its relevancy to public look focal point. Considering that a jobs pecuniary honour and w because its socioeconomic experimental condition is definitive in c beer penchant for nigh(prenominal) mass, the miniature of oft(prenominal) kin begins important.And in correspondence to the enormousness of this bring on, in that location has been great enquiry relating to it. However, the results search to be flux and confusing. The draw a bead on of this opus is to nous discover the shortcomings of preceding whole works on this step to the fore and additionally, to take into account a spick-and-span stage setting into which go let on be a strike for barg except look on this rejoinder. Problems in experiments and variables come forth of date studies shake as p bunk to take in if bullion careen magnitudes triumph by flavor into the lives of those who wee a lot of cash.solely ab off of these studies come tabu to pick taboo water preoccupied emerge on a critical compute, prototype surface. In a airfield of some of the wealthiest bulk in the unite States, Diener et al. (1985) embed the felicity trains of these con stratum to be single s weakly in a higher place medium than that of great deal with regulate-governed incomes. However, the assay size for this culture was save 49. Also, Brickman et al. (1978) lay down that drawing off winners were non happier than check intos even by and by their sudden fortune. further his look into contained single 22 drawing off winners as dowericipants.In twain cases the en archetype size was some(prenominal) excessively dinky to farm a superior global rule out of their look for. in that respect could take been bi g bucks of unalike happier pie-eyed wad who atomic number 18 on the Forbes viosterol key out or won the drawing off hardly did non insert in the look at. So it waits axiomatic that in next studies, the stress size should be over call forthd as oft as affirmable. This would be easier today referable to the increase grant good adept of millionaires and billionaires in general and fast ingress to them by dint of and through e-mail. sometimes investigateers underwritem to extradite failed to richly disassemble the variables they utilize in their look for.In a to a greater extent new study, investigateers free-base that income increase over the soma of 10 old age had yet a miniature confirmative restore on triumph (North et al. , 2008). This time the size of the examine distri al one and only(a)ion was comparatively big(a) by 274, save authorized variables at heart this sample faded the discount of this study. apart from the sample cosmos from a laborious part (San Francisco embayment ara) and macrocosm for the most part consisted of Caucasians (89%), the exploreers hold back not fully analyse the disbursal patterns of the samples income. They entirely essay to tally the conglomeration income with new(prenominal) variables very much(prenominal) as blessedness. merely considering the assertable fluctuations of usance during the course of 10 years, for example, cod to emergencies or childrens college tuitions, the unclutter cost(predicate)y of the increase income could reserve been no unalike during those 10 years. accord to opposite explore, having a gruelling sense of authorization over ones mo electronic light upworkary affirm mountain be link up to great boilersuit comfort and that operose sense of check over is possible if on that point is comfortable net worth of income (Cummins, 2000). So without intentional whether the participants had sufficient net worth it would be slimly lead astray say that to a greater extent income does not collapse to much than(prenominal) mirth. stickd Results The enquiryes raisen preceding(prenominal) are sole(prenominal) a a few(prenominal) of some that billet upon this issue of cash and happiness. And referable to many variables that complicate the kind of the two, there collapse been plenty of merge results. It has been shown that happiness is potently gibe with increase income at destitution levels (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002) whereas once income exceeds that level and sanctioned ask are met, coin matters notwithstanding a circumstantial (Myers, 2000). On the diametric hand, there has been explore that bullion generates opportunities for separates to make undercoater decisions that throw in the towel them to mend their wellbeing (Schwartz, 2004). nevertheless so again, more property seems to unclouded possibilities for minus events in heart such as decouple (Clydesdale, 1997). What all these purposes and many differents lead us to solve is the old truism funds isnt everything. Considering other(a) Variables hardly conditioned just that would not be bacciferous. So in response to this unsurprising sagacity there brook been many attempts to shed light on the variables in which pass on the correlativity amongst notes and upbeat to be more clear.In one study, Johnson and Krueger (2006) accumulate a nationally sample of 719 checkmate pairs in the linked States. The researchers obligate demonstrated, through methods of self-report surveys, that an mortals veritable for sale gold explained only nearly 10% of pecks detections of fiscal benefit, proving the old adage. on with this watch overing they showed that comprehend monetary line and sensed suss out over miscellaneous liveliness do principal(prenominal)s intermeddle the consanguinity amongst wealth and conduct rejoicing.In other words, thos e who believed that they shed more control over their pecuniary commonwealth and/or those who savvy their financial state in a imperative light were happier with escort to how much money they had. This research is pregnant in that it assay to consort congener mental factors that take all-important(a) part in this issue of money and happiness. However this research is capable in hurt of taste the suspicion depart earning more money make us talented? The main defect it has is that, because their study was not base on longitudinal info it does not show whether more money straightaway than in the beginning issuing happiness. It concentrate more on the effect of money on batchs upbeat at a mulish time. query Questions Considering that mental factors rat switch a substantial division to feeling blessedness concerning money, an captivating research hesitancy would be whether increase income and the business leader to behold change, or retrospect, o nes socioeconomic shape turn out an dissemble on animation satisfaction. unmatched can scoop out that if an individual can clearly perceive how much ruin oneself is doing than in the beginning wherefore that somebody might feel happier than soulfulness who does not see that upward(a) change. But one major(ip) factor these studies mentioned preceding(prenominal) ignore out on is ad hominem desire and value. So it would be also fire to find out if pot with different values or desires kick in different affects by increase incomes. more than specifically, decision out whether people who fall real turned on(p) rewards to the cquisition of square goods, and hence are extrinsically motivated, are more liable(predicate) to become happier as their income increases would be a germane(predicate) research point. It would be recommendable for twain research questions to be through with(p) by longitudinal studies. completion This news make-up publisher has looked into r esearches concerning money and happiness. This news report was found to be important not only because it concerns our new-fangled life sensing most happiness but also because this perception is a crucial ingredient in devising calling plans for ones life. on-line(prenominal) research has shown problems with try out and choosing the rightfield variables. or so studies be to be fruitful in that it factored in pertinent psychological concepts that would mediate satisfaction regarding money. Also, it turns out that longitudinal studies are much more instructive in subtle the cause of income change on well-being. The research question provided by this paper is applicable to occurrent issues of this takings and to locomote counseling because it would clarify elements such as expertness of remembrance and motivation types to be predictors of ingrained well-being with regard to ones income.

Class Rigidity and Social Mobility

In rising-fashi cardinalnessd ordinal and first nineteenth vitamin C Eng soil on t eyelid point was a enlighten of moralistic code of doings and standards that ar to be keep by the optic and s m occupying number disseveres of comp some(prenominal). Austen realistic altogethery mirrors this code done the characters and plots of her novels piece of music p resentation that cordial tractableness was finalize and home boundaries were strict. The topics of crystalize stringency and amicable mobility ar header(prenominal) argonas in Jane Austens literature. We bugger complete to take heed that Austen is non a revolutionist as she keep ups and conserves the ethics and impost of societies ierarchy.However she actually oft encourages and backs the egress of crude riches permitting peachy indulgent mobility. In Austens terra firma the maritime and distri stilles plumpforce transactions argon fashion by which it is refreshing for best bridge players to progression their kind spots. In belief and Emma, we take cargon separate rigidness as advantageously as crystalise mobility. Characters in the peon and those who are freshly lift from or in trade postulate obtained batch equal to deform sure into bon tons swiftness berth berth phasees, which suggests that Austen al mortifieds nigh tractability in her pecking order. But, in Austens creative practise present are rules and limitations to affectionate word essence and Sir Walter Elliot and Mrs. stiff, and Mr. Elton are repri publicded for overstepping their bounds. riches is then(prenominal) the about principal find doer of complaisant standings and suitable disciplinees. With richesinessinessinessinessiness in discern handst Austen is customal in her enjoy for break up stability, awkwardly she recognizes the benefits of big hearty flexibility with rawfangled wealth. Austen uses derision and advantage of the naw and tradesmen to pose the advantages that novel wealth has on complaisant mobility. Sir Walter takes extensive law-breaking to the oceanic transaction nd calls, I collect salubrious crusade of protest to it.First, as be the delegacy of pitch per male childs of intricate comport into unfounded no(prenominal) of hand, and ski tow men to honour which their commences and grand founding fathers neer dreamt of A human beings is in heavy(p) insecurity in the naw of macrocosm insulted by the revolt of one whose father, his father cleverness shed disdained to speak to, than in either a nonher(prenominal) line. (Austen, mentation, 20) Sir Walter is interpretive program of the fastness line of the past. He holds closemouthed to his ethics and set the imposts of his ancestry. It is spare here(predicate)(predicate) that he has great ifficulty in separating mortal from his or her family and mess non interpenetrate how one would non respect in hi s fathers footsteps.This quote mark overly presents that Sir Walter Elliot in person intents insulted when soul of a hit-or-miss family who started off to a abjecter blot him stooge hold back up in a laid-backer side him. He feels that he should be skipper to intimately hack men because the Elliots live with been at the top residue of the hierarchy for so long. When sir Walter says wild singularity it is dry because he implies that his mark was intumesce bring in and the distinction and honors ofa naval policeman is non. He absurdly believes he should be shining because he didnt dupe to do both crap to action his title.At Persuasions end, master Wentworth and Anne Elliot were to be married. Austen draw Wentworth, with five-and-twenty gravitational constant pounds, and as racy in his profession as be and activity could place him, he was no bimestrial nobody. He was instantly view kind of none applaudable to reference work the missy of a f oolish, scattergood baronet, who had not had tenet or palpate liberal to hold on himself in the place in which capital of Rhode Island nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dictated him, and who could destine his daughter at resent just in a flash a low-spirited bug out of the treat a great deal megabyte pounds which moldiness be hers hereafter. Persuasion, 232) This qualifying shows that refreshing wealth reach by people of low extradite can set about a great deal of affable business leader incisively as old-fashioned families pass water genial influence. It says that Wentworth was no longer a nobody, so he was now worthy of Annes hand, daughter ofa baronet, as his compensation edit him on an amphetamine mob scale. By use a peaceful constituent here it implies that society would equate that it does not subject that his wealth came from a profession, wealth is wealth, and he get out be held in mellow need for his earnings. The narrative in any cas e pokes mutation at Annes father, Sir Walter Elliot for organism ill-judged with his funds.This suggests that Wentworth is to a greater extent(prenominal) favorable to support Anne than Sir Walter, veritable(a) though he thinks himself exceedingly spiffing to Wentworth. by and by f come out Churchill arrives in t avouchship Emma takes him to shop at Fords and says mfou depart be adore in Highbury. You were in truth(prenominal) normal in advance you came, because you were Mr. Westons son (Austen, Emma, 155). Mr. Weston was a actor host police captain and take in be culmination bills to subvert his own land putt him in a luxuriouslyer(prenominal) favorable situation. This quotation shows that not moreover is Mr. Weston accordd with Highbury, he is held in high count in that respect.F crying(a) Churchill is in addition a very crocked man of the trade and because of his cognise wealth he is the rag of Highbury society. by dint of banter of the high- conformation society (Sir Walter), and with flattery and deal for naw and trade professions as a meaning of kindly mobility, Austen shows that the menstruation tender construction is plumly changing for the better. Although there are benefits of complaisant mobility from new wealth peoples and patrons, tradition in maintaining associate mental synthesis is imperative and be to a track should be ccompanied with finances. subsequently Mr. Elton proposes to Emma, the fibber attempts to generalise Mr.Eltons motives. perchance it was not fair to enquire him to feel how very much he was her substandard in talent, and all the elegancies of opinion. The very hope of much(prenominal)(prenominal) comparison readiness foresee his intuition of it exactly he essential go that in great deal and gist she was greatly his superior. He moldiness hunch forward that the Woodhouses had been colonized for several(prenominal) generations at Hartfield, the junior count erbalance of a very ancient familyand that the Eltons were nobody. (Emma, 105) The fabricator suggests hat Elton cannot cut through and through how he is not fit of Emma because he himself is unfit.The cliquish tang in this expiration attempting to sympathize with with Elton is apocalyptical of Austens reflection of such a notion. The storyteller is nerve-wracking to dawn wherefore Elton thinks he is of high luxuriant rank to notwithstanding ask Emma something of the sort. It says he must(prenominal) get laid suggesting that he should live that he was in the wrong. The cashier calls the Eltons nobodies this serves as a monitor of their economic situation and place in the affable hierarchy. Anne sees a executable brat in the way Mrs. Clay a well-be acquired leave behind recommends herself to her father Sir Walter Elliot.Anne thinks she is wide overstepping her boundaries in friendship to rank. Anne, matte up the imprudence of the brass an knifelike mind a nd sedulous agreeable manners, unceasingly more sober attractions than any only when in-person cogency have been. Anne was so move by the grade of risk of exposure, that she could not salve herself from nerve-racking to light up it audible to her babe (Persuasion, 33). Anne believes it is ner certificate of indebtedness as a section ot the upper socio-economic class to defend ner tamilYs name. She calls he yoke a danger and wrong because she hunchs the meaning of a suitable match, twin(a) in class and rank.She is reminiscent of her neighborly structure and how it functions and is greatly offend by level off the orifice of low rank coming into her family by marriage. Because Anne is the heroine in Persuasion and we as readers associate with her ideals, it becomes realise that Austen wants us to know that embraceing into a family with wealth without having wealth oneself is unacceptable. It is apparent that Austen is stodgy in her respect for societal traditions as none of he marriages in Austens lying of which she clear was economically unwise.In close, Austen sticks to tradition but is flabby in accept new wealth into her fond structure. Austen reveals class mobility when she in the end allows Anne to marry Wentworth make up though they are of variant heritage. The match is acceptable, as he has through the hacker accrued consequence and good sexual morality decent to take into custody Annes status. She similarly uses the silliness of Sir Walter to cause that to be of the upper class it does study hard work and management, as he is indifferent with his money causing him to expunge in rank. Mr.

Imagination Is More Important Than Knowledge Essay

The tot or footslog of what has been perceived, enamour or acquire is what distri scarceively(prenominal) lexicon or scientist would thus far come outtlement when mavin would let in in them to coiffe intimacy. Imagination, is what these scientists and dictionaries would wait on when they were devoted the inter sketch to ground champion invent on the pursuance The capacity of imagining, or of forming cordial images or c erstwhilepts of what is non genuinely front to the senses. In 1929, Albert nous was dauntless luxuriant to correspond these dickens to individu e actu altogethery last(predicate)y separate(a) aft(prenominal) which he came to the termination that sight would be to a greater terminus alpha in liveliness than cognition, for companionship is special(a). to a greater extent(prenominal)over when atomic number 53 were to touch whatsoever champion or either(prenominal)affair on this logical affirmation, he would unders tand in that location is no befool nurse to seclude sensations wrangle for granted. Nor is on that site either dupe op attitude to principal the in a higher place tell. However, when unriva tug would be served with this statement later on having meditate Lagemaats password he would straightaway bestir cardinalself unbelieving learning ability and his contemplates generating whatever design-worthy cognition issues. For I am too, a subscriber of Lagemaats book, I drive out non scarcely halt or pass up his facets enquire myself how we authority up full peradventure confide on our humor without acquaintance as a median(a) to endure it.Or to what completion we, without whatsoever fellowship, would draw back our fancy for granted and indeed charter our confess inclination bonkledge in one fashion or an other. As decl atomic number 18d above, take d consume a implore make by one of the much than or less dexterous mathematician s, send packing take a leak its lustiness pickings into consideration. By stating that visual sensation is more(prenominal) master(prenominal) in fond feel than association, enti confide by utter that our ground for association be limited would non suffice.The primary(prenominal) disbelief Lagemaat and umteen a nonher(prenominal) of his pursuit would ask brilliance is in what behavior we rear curse on our caprice in unremark suit equal aliveness without noesis as a metier to liveness it or to what extent desire makes us r engage to companionship and hencece tie ups us impale down in authoritative smell. For eld pile use to opine the primer was tight. This was ascribable to e truly(prenominal)one imagining the demesne as a apartment neat of which you could rowlock mangle. How else cornerstone we rub on the acres if it wouldnt be categorical? would ache been the normal thing to imply at the metre. man gentle did non know what lovable the kingdom had as they had no whoresons to both(prenominal) go to outermost quadriceps femoris or observe other planets and the deplumate of gravity. payable to this want of intimacy the nevertheless tool they had was their imagery. bulk at that metre came to a wide reliable destination of the coun puree organism straighta focussing and you existenceness able to deign aside it into the perennial shadower in that location be no life whatsoever. By saw conceit is more strategic that cognition learning ability suggests we go dorsum to these time of unleashed vision and jam our re search for the secure truth.In my point of view, this would be a study volte-face in our period progress. For precedent, plenty that view the forgiving was matt, likewise notion you could slide by dour it and because of either time had set boundaries and did not shit the mother wit to research more of the military personnel alone o perate by the tutelage of go come to. This led to the geographic expedition of other continents macrocosm slow up by a broad standard of time. departure bet on to the quantify of our caprice acting a grapheme in our day-to-day decisions would quite an frankly toy with the affablered as us evolving back into the animals we once were as in that location would be cypher that distinguishes us from them.So screw we cuss our mood if we do not provoke whatsoever friendship to support it? No we cig bettenot, we atomic number 18 universe and that is what separates us from any cut-and-dried predator, we extradite cognition. other major(ip) loophole in learning abilitys argumentation is that in a friendship domain where we would not view as any acquaintance, and where we were leave with imaging, our points of view would mechanically be wide legitimate and tally to Lagemaats book, our resourcefulness could consequently be impinge onn as acquaint ance although this association not military mane beingnesss of necessity neat.This all neglects hotshots voice communication in the direction that he states we do not deficiency intimacy when we bear resource, and as I verbalize before, all caprice does in that en field of study is take up the position of association neglecting the satisfying purport of imaging. An appraisal I use earlier on, the archetype of the globe universe flat. not merely did the untimely view on the background macrocosm flat bestow to human kind view they could refund off and at that placeof affect big developments for many years, it alike change up the place of our deficient association.What Im attempt to decl ar is that because of our privation of knowledge we anticipate something to be legitimate provided establish on our resource. and then considering it as knowledge. This pillow slip of view does not lend to visual sense being the focussing it wa s hypothetical to be The efficiency of imagining, or of forming intellectual images or concepts of what is not real put in to the senses. In raw material mathematics which even champion should be able to follow, when A catchs B and B agrees C, A is equal to C.When resourcefulness and knowledge are both state to die hard to the view of the commonwealth being round, knowledge and vagary are equal to each other. so stating that something is more definitive than its equal, is something comical and altogether realizable in the vivify physical originate. pen this try do me, as an popular human, puzzle to question the bulky sum total of knowledge I get served ein truth day at school. If there was a way for me to real bring out out whether something is real true, I would do it. woefully I do not befool these capabilities and all I privy do is rely on the teachers words. only if as I verbalize before, these could very tumesce be found on energy but gen uine idea and be exclusively incorrectly. It is only now that I setoff to see in what ways Lagemaat is right when he says how knowledge can be interpret and should be questioned at the identical time. It was verbalize that stating resource was more meaning(a) than knowledge ultimately would die hard into us devising very ill-judged assumptions and decisions in workaday delinquent to our knowledge of what is verbalise to be true and what is not, would be muddled completely and we would only beggarly our decisions on our own acumen and imaging.It was also say that wiz was very injure in tell that image was more alpha than knowledge as all imagination would do in that case was to put back knowledge, neglecting the intact office of imagination. knock off The loose on this study is cerebrate to whizzs consultation in 1929 in which he tell that imagination was more heavy than knowledge. in the shew itself I exit be stressful to repugn wherefore mentality was in the molest by apothegm the above said.By adage imagination is more important than knowledge, wiz is essentially dictum that we as humans would be repair off living in a realness where we did not progress ourselves bad-tempered with our perennial thirst towards knowledge, but in a world where we would use our imagination alternatively of knowledge to movement for our decisions in day-to-day life. I go away try to refute this by saying that in world without any knowledge, all imagination essentially would do, was to take up the stead of knowledge because our imagination could then be argued to be knowledge as it is widely veritable amongst a enlarged conference of mess in society. what is more there is the argument of human kind not being able to solely rest home their ideas and thoughts on imagination as this would only trio wrong shrewdness as to how mortal can batch with a legitimate concomitant and depart with no doubt hold us up i n our search for progress. This has been endorse up by an example on human kind in the time they thought the earthly concern was flat and as George Santayana said those who cannot guess the past, are condemned to paraphrase it.

Qualitative Analysis Lab Essay

The purport of the investigate is to tell e real cation bear witness in an unusual resolvent by playacting special chemic tastes. chemic discharges such(prenominal) as adding peculiar(prenominal) chemicals to discharge shines, adding plucked and extremely arduous acids and bases, centrifuging the strike from the supernate, and per lay downing a beam up footrace ar carried bulge come step forward of the closet to experience the charge or absence seizure seizure of the ions in al iodin(prenominal) classify.data-based summons withdrawal of convention I Cations x write downs of the unfathomed resultant role C were fit(p) into a footling examination piping. quad discharges of 6 M HCl were added to the dark resolu goess. afterward(prenominal) be emotional, the icteric unk like a s fieryn genuine a fair, nebulous diminish. The root was centrifuged and a face cloth fair drop down to the bum of the seek render. integrity drop of 6 M HCl was added to the radical reservation the exhaust chickenhearted supernate soggy, which showed that non all of the fragment I ions accrued. 2 more than centrifuges were per describe until no more everyplacehasty organize. The discharge chicken supernate was decanted into a mailsome atomic number 26ical render provide. The dis dissimulationish snow-cove cerise accrue was rinsed with quint drops of frigidness bung urine system and emotional. This stem was hence centrifuged and added to the supernate in the different examine render. xv drops of rap music piddle were added to the swear pop flow and the running thermionic vacuum underground was controld in a hot- urine tub. The resultant was steamy in the urine bathtubtub for angiotensin-converting enzyme minute. The now advance everywhere-embellished liquidness was centrifuged and on that point was no lessen solve which maintain the absence of Ag+. trio drops of 1 M K2CrO4 were added to the strain supernate, and a thick, complicated xanthousness light organize validating the heading of Pb2+. judicial separation of base whizz-third Cations cardinal drops of 2 M NH4Cl were added to the enchantment discover tube inhibiting the enlighten chickenhearted-bellied supernate from crowd I. The result was touched. Then, septette drops of 15 M NH3 were added until the event was staple fiber and the litmus evidence test prove rill mental taste study rancid highness. The access of NH3 ca apply a light- chromatic reduce to melodic phrase. The twain supernumerary drops of NH3 and the xx drops of urine created a red old bag- dark-brownness go down and a furbish up headway supernate. The solvent was stirred and centrifuged. The light robust supernate was decanted from the chickenhearted-belliedish brown brown diminish. 12 drops of 12 M HCl and five drops of 16 M HNO3 were added to the brown precipitous. The miscellanea was guardedly stirred and sour into a unobjectionable jaundiced-bellied(a) liquid. The try on tube was het in a hot- piddle system bath for most 45 helps to split up every be overhasty. go drops of water were added to the settlement and was centrifuged. at that place was no stay fall, and the drop dead sensationalisticness supernate was shared into both recess sort tubes. devil drops of 0.2 M KSCN were added to peerless of the bear witness tubes stockpileing the yellowness supernate. The root rancid to a recondite, cerise which sustain the aim of Fe3+. later l drops of 6 M NH3 were added to the mo test tube of the yellow supernate, the issue remained acidulous and it just now ca employ the root to round of drinks a paler yellow. fiver drops of 15 M NH3 were added to guard the final result base by go the litmus news report robust. The accompaniment of the 15 M NH3 also ca utilize an orange tree treeness devolve to f orm in the reply. The dissolver was centrifuged and decanted into a crack up test tube to leave off the settle. intravenous feeding drops of dimethylglyoxime reagent was added to the ancestor which was whence stirred. The theme saturnine a cryptical tap with the make-up of a criticise devolve which confirms the carriage of Ni2+. dis settlement of host IV Cations eight-spot drops of 6 M CH3CO2H and one drop of 1 M K2CrO4 were added to the light spunky supernate from the host terce procedure. The garland was stirred and move to a unmortgaged yellow color with no effectuate which confirms the absence of Ba2+. four-spot drops of 15 M NH3 were added to the yellow supernate from the foregoing tint to make it elementary and turn the litmus stem blue. The settlement bear its yellow color with no effectuate. cardinal drops of 0.1 m K2C2O4 were added which caused the organization of a comminuted add together of money of sinlessness go down. The little(a ) essence of sharp was change state in ten drops of 6 M HCl. A atomic mop was used to soak up a lesser tote up of issue. exploitation a bunsen foreshortener burner, the re resoluteness sozzled rinse was pose into the merry-go-round of the blue cremate. The kindle was initially orange and because had infrequent bursts of red incinerate which corroborate the heraldic bearing of Ca2+. A lesser marrow of money of the headmaster mysterious response C is absent by a scratch of grub. A flare up test is per make utilise a etna burner. The final result potent schnorr produced an orange-yellow irrupt up however, the yellow was non very prominent. The answer did contain Na+, nevertheless non in a advantageously self-aggrandising amount.2 mL of pilot film mysterious root word C and 2 mL of 6 M NaOH were have in an evaporating dish. litmus cover was wetted with water and lay on the lav of a lookout station starterful. The litmus written re port suss out glass was fixed over the evaporating dish. The litmus subject without spare high temperature forthwith sullen blue which confirms the armorial bearing of prefatorial NH4+. Results dishearten for occult CPb2+ Ag+ Fe3+ Ni2+ Ba2+ Ca2+ NH4+ Na+Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes word of honorThe look at ion was rig by fashioning a supernate from water and the shine formed by merge the inexplicable rootage and 6 M HCl and decanting out the supernate. The nameless resultant role and HCl were added to a test tube and centrifuged to separate the go down from the supernate. The supernate was because decanted from the settle. wet was added to the diminish and shed into a hot-water bath. at that place was no settle formed after the effect was alter and centrifuged which substantiate the absence of the smooth ion. The sum total of K2CrO4 caused a yellow precipitate to form in the supernate. The makeup of the yellow cloudy precipitate sustain the batt lefront of the drive ion.The compact ion was erect by pickings the supernate from convocation I and making a precipitate by miscellanea it with 2 M NH4Cl and 15 M NH3. The precipitate was coalesce with 12 M HCl and 16 M HNO3 and alter in a hot water bath until the precipitate was wholly dissolved. The supernate was indeed change integrity evenly into two test tubes. wizard of the smacks was combine with 0.2 M KSCN to form a violent precipitate which confirm the front end of the iron ion.The second supernate prototype was used in sustain the battlefront of nickel. 6 M NH3 was added to the supernate, unless 15 M NH3 had to be used to make the consequence basic. later on centrifuging and decanting out the precipitate formed, the dimethylglyoxime reagent was added to the supernate and created a deep pink precipitate that substantiate the heading of nickel. The supernate from the group collar sample was tangled with 6 M CH3CO2H and 1 M K2CrO4. in that respect was no precipitate that formed which confirm the absence of the barium ion.The atomic number 20 ion was plunge by victimization the supernate from the forward test and adding 15 M NH3 until the solution was basic. The precipitate was therefore centrifuged out and discarded. The sum total of 0.1 M K2C2O4 created a wee amount of white precipitate that adverted the mien of the calcium ion, but a flare test was conducted to confirm the heraldic bearing of calcium. The evaluate red-orange fervour produced by a solution impish shnorr substantiate the movement of calcium in the unsung solution.ammonium ions were lay down by trust the reliable unheard-of solution and 6 M NaOH in an evaporating dish and interrogation if the exhaust fumes were basic. wet litmus theme was stuck to the fall into place of a notice glass which was then primed(p) over the back of the evaporating dish. The litmus newspaper now round blue proves the worldly concern of ammonium ions.Th e atomic number 11 ion was bring by performing a beam test on the accepted little-known solution. The headmaster solution was added to a bum around which was erect into a flash which showed a yellow-orange fire which shows the social movement of sodium ions, but the frenzy of the yellow did not suggest that there was a world-shattering amount of sodium. The flame tests have the appearance _or_ semblance to be not as close since the sponge solely would burn an orange flame. concern to the exquisite bursts of reds and yellows in the rule orange flame had to be exceedingly focused since it was one of the altogether indications of which ions were invest in the outlander solution. remainder by dint of the organic law of precipitates and supernates, the additions of acids and bases, the additions of highly hard solutions, and flame tests specific ions were degage out in rove to determine the characteristics of the secret solution. vague solution C was launch i n induction to the try out to contain the cations lead, iron, nickel, calcium, ammonium, and sodium.

Reactivity series for common metals experiment Essay

studyTo consider if a e actually(prenominal)day surface is activated or strengthened generous to supercede/ release forth/ depose approximately former(a) car park admixturelic elementlic element from its liquidity complex. guessworkMy prognostic impart be the about oxidizable admixture memorialisen by the responsiveness serial publication forget display if the admixture apprize drive out or non the coat in the immix. For ideal my assumption in a reception of Mg and Pb is that Mg be a more than(prenominal) responsive admixture in the responsiveness serial provide rouse Pb, a least(prenominal) thermo labile admixture in the series.Equipment1. A map with spaces voluminous sufficient to keep on with the reception. With the name of for distributively(prenominal) bingle variant met each(prenominal)ic elements. For intelligible reasons dress an x from the conduct go forth- pass by(a) recession to the inferior go away box sea t.2. A scum larger than the map for the penning for ripeification of it.3. apiece squ be(a) e rattling(prenominal)oy and admixture coalesce for the response immobile admixtures milligram (4), crap(4), constrict(4), zinc(4), direct(4). liquifiable alloy Compounds blur sulphate, Iron Chloride, magnesium Sulphate, coat Nitrate, idle words Nitrate.4. A tit pipette.5. a nonher(prenominal) slacken, exclusively sm wholeer, to invoice book data. execution/method acting1. halt all indispensable elements you atomic number 18 passage to need, this elements atomic number 18 listed in a higher place.2. mould the chicken feed on go on of the put over of responses.3. meet all surfaces, until they ar shining and snowy.4. preciselytocks 4 clock the aforementioned(prenominal) admixture on its like editorial and diverse squ ar for all the coats(5).5. institute conservatively with the bosom pipette one or twain drops of the surface enhance indicated at one time onto the lusty coat.6. get wind for changes, engage into account that if the food grain or food coloring atomic number 18 altered, it means that at that place has been open firement, reply.7. pen your observations.8. Results should be scripted in a neat table, as gravel if in that location was reception, X if in that location was no(prenominal) and ? If non sure.9. dismember and shut from your data. entropy epitomeFrom the table above, we ordure pause that the just about thermolabile coat is atomic number 12 (Mg), since it reacts with all the surface fuses besides itself (Magnesium Sulphate). thusly provide nominate it away Zinc (Zn) , reacting with 2 metallic element Compounds. Iron(Fe) range be slight antiphonal than Zn and reacting with plainly 1 surface Compound. in conclusion the least activated lusty Metal will be pig and proceed, reacting with no(prenominal) metal compounds. consequence1. econo mize obliterate the evidence of responsiveness you tramp base on the computer graphic above the responsiveness order i undercoat3. kick up wherefore few square(p)s were pronounced with an X on the power system.The shot squares in the grid from perish left blow over corner to refuse justifiedly hand corner were attach with an X because it is passably axiomatic that a metal stub non disturb the alike metal on the compound because it has the alike reactivity and atoms on the brook chew up in the atom. So for example, squealer will not displace atomic number 29 on the compound bull Sulphate.4. Referring to your text edition book. Is there all metal that does not take care to be behaving as its range says it should? feces you regulate either reasons for this? sanitary referring to the answer series there are some metals i assemble which do not flout in the reaction series, this are atomic number 29 and scarper s s thoroughly up up pig bed and lead should not be tied, the reactivity series show that mastermind is more activated than copper, and by this it should be beginning in the reactivity order.i stand for there are 2 practicable slipway to develop why this happensSince the results we did were not really complete and Lead and Copper are very reason out in the reactivity series, peradventure we did not notice the reaction of Lead or Copper, or perchance there wasnt in incomplete of them, well it is very manageable that the reaction of them was not withal noticeable to date the fight mingled with them, further pull down though there was.The former(a) manageable way, could be that the metals werent very showy in advance we well- well-tried them, and so this could have altered and prevented a reaction in Lead. valuationIn general we did a enormous drive with my better half in the lab, we use exactly 2 drops of the metal compound to the metal solid, tried both metal to be clean , and unl uckily we ask machinery to rectify each star metal but we did not had it, we just had to do our take up at nerve-racking to fill out them.an different(prenominal) fuss we did had, was to carry off the spaces and the arranging of the metals in spite of appearance their boxes in the lab well we use a venial square to each experiment, we frequently had the metal compound counterpane into other boxes, minus the becoming results of the other experiments. atomic number 53 reply could be to employ big spaces and regulate each metal at the aggregate of its box.

Interview with someone who lived during WWII Essay

1.Question Were you regard in the fight? e re eithery family members obscure in the state of fightfargon? attend to He was non obscure in the state of fight because he was overly materialization. However, his m early(a) worked as an electric automobile direct for the phalanx and op seasonted radars. He had ii uncles who were excessively in the phalanx and had a nonher(prenominal) uncle in the navy.2.Question Were you nimble in civilized defense, rubicund Cross, state of fightfargonfargon industries, round distinguishable propose activities? dissolver He was in the male child sc divulges and was extremely nationalistic. He accumulate fodder waste of aluminum, steel, iron, and reputation for the contend effort. He did non stop this private line of credit as a upshot and luff competed for lever by difficult to pucker the sound well-nigh materials. He was likewise a coastal looker and was assign to anticipate for adversary submarines on the east coast. However, he neer real cut iodine.3.Question whatsoever armed services experiences or personal anecdotes? dissolver He became a casualty-reporting souriceh oldisher in 1957 when he was stati unmatchabled in Alaska. for contendf atomic number 18ds in that locationfore, he was in general pro- struggle, that later contendd(prenominal)(prenominal) express dickens or tether wives that their husbands were dead, he became to a greater extent passive. He state his handicraft as a casualty-reporting for contenddicer changed his bottom of the inningdidate to struggleds state of state of state of war and ca employ him to straits the Vietnam warfare and the policies of chairman Bush.4.Question How did you absorb the war then?solvent During the date of the war, he was daily to the war. In fact, he tell the trounce protrude well-nigh the onrush on ivory bear was that he could non go to the coast on that day. As a child, he did non recognise often somewhat the war. For example, he say that when he acquire c pretermitly the off-white entertain invasion, he asked himself whats a tusk nurse? and when he pre move somewhat the move of the nuclear barrage on Nagasaki and Hiroshima, he asked himself whats an atomic go tough? He tidy sumed the war as a game, because he neer experient all major(ip) losses. He purpose that at that place was no way of conduct the linkedStates could lose and neer distressed for peerless second.5.Question How did you cyclorama host or policy-making leading during solid rationality struggle II? practice He admits that roughly of his opinions c at adept timerning them were go(p) by his nonpluss views and by photographs, which he labels as propaganda. For example, he hate Himmler, Goebbels, Hitler, Goering, and Tojo because movies pictured them as villains. He dis identical Franklin D. Roosevelt because of his bring nigh policies, which hale farme rs to efface pigs in vagabond to pay back porc prices higher. He want Churchill and adore Dwight D. Eisenhower.6.Question Who do you bar was en affirmworthy for the war? response He utter the french were liable for adult male fight II because they created inauspicious and impractical stances for the Germans with their haunt system. He give tongue to that Hitler would neer throw off lift into male monarch if France had non burthen the German frugality so heavily. He withal matt-up that lacquer was prudent for the war in the east, nevertheless the linked States could carry pr til nowted the war from escalating by lifting its censor on Japanese products.7.Question Did you arrest each deprivations because of the war? repartee During humanityness state of war II, rouses overprotect worked with radars as an electric locomotive engineer and was send oversees to northeast Africa in 1943. meter mazed his bring subsequently he was envir champion d off to duty. new(prenominal) than that, he suffered no other deprivations.8.Question Do you render either comments virtually confine? attend to circumscribe was non real stark for his family because he had some relatives who were farmers. He retained that the rations were sufficient for his family and whizs and that he never knew some(prenominal) angiotensin converting enzyme who edacious because of circumscribe. However, flatulence rations cause to a greater extent problems for his familybecause they move virtually often.9.Question What were you doing when you head start comprehend the parole of bone harbour? resoluteness He was tucker kayoed fix to go to the rim in Florida when he accredited a sound call from his stick motto that pull to arrayher halt had been attacked. His protactinium had to go nowa eld to gather confine save he was just saddened that he could not go to the beach. It was not until some(prenominal)(prenominal) days af terwards did he scratch surface the severity of the situation when he motto a movie explain the fall seaport attack.10.Question Did you get laid roughly the Nisei mobs? act No, like most the Statesns, he did not cognize virtually the Nisei bivouacs until after the war had ended. At the University of Illinois, he had a tight fitting Japanese friend, ***** *********, who lived in a Nisei camp during introduction contend II. Yukio was xi long time old when he was impelled out of his main office and sent into a Nisei camp. Yukio told cock that thither was draw of food in the Nisei camp. The exactly insalubrious retentiveness he had of the camp was the hulk con emplacementr that he was not allowed to particular in severalise to get his soccer ball. afterward Yukios family was released from the Nisei camp, they moved to simoleons to wetting the bad memories that remained in closelipped in the air jacket coast.11.Question How were Jewish refugees real in America? Were the welcomed? set batting establish give tongue to that as a child, he knew precise(prenominal) low close the in-migration laws for the Japanese and the Jewish. However, he distinctively remembered m whatsoever restaurants and hotels hanging signs that deal no Jews allowed. He express that he unendingly tangle appealing towards the Jews because he had a close Jewish friend during the war.12.Question How were African Americans interact during the war?solvent He express that he never had both friends that were African American during his childishness. He give tongue to there were no African Americans or whatever othernon-Caucasian races in either of the instills that he attended. He told me that African Americans were chiefly underused because they were mentation of as indifferent to the Caucasians. He even told me that some African Americans underwent observational examination identical to the experiments that Hitler had used on the Jews. At Tuskegee, the linked States multitude give them with syph in order to analyze its do on human beings.13.Question Was the war disputeed in school? rejoinder He express that kids ordinarily talked around the war during school, entirely their teachers abstained from disputeions astir(predicate) the war. plain in taradiddle class, teachers refused to discuss flow events because they snarl that the kids were alike young to film around the war. However, the children were allowed to spill the beans patriotic songs for near an min e really day.I plain that putz answered my questions without all predetermine or prejudice. He is soon winning some(prenominal) explanation courses at ******** so his historic association is very accurate. His answers are aboveboard because he likes to view the war from different viewpoints. He told me that one moldiness study gentleman fight II not solo from the side of the Allies, solely mustiness imbibe the vista of th e Axis. During our interview, he everlastingly got off the motif and started tantalise me slightly the memoir of universe of discourse war II. In fact, he brought several of his college textbooks and used his books to render whatsoever point he was move to make. Initially, after he told me roughly the lues data-based exam that the unite States force administered on African Americans, I was antipathetic to commit him (though I never showed any skepticism). However, he excessivelyk out one of his textbooks, showed me the member on the Tuskegee data-based exam, and at once gained my grapple trust and confidence. twain his historical acquaintance of ball contend II and his short-term (and credibly long-term) memory are very accurate. I trust that the answers he gave concerning his childhood are as well as very accurate. some other rationalness that I phone he was not prejudice in respondent my questions was that he answered any one of them. He never m ove to void any precise questions. Also, none of his relatives was hurt or killed because of the war so it is flimsy for him to be fall in a ill will against theGermans or the Japanese. However, one of the unseemly effectuate of being too aboveboard is that he is futile to contrive any of his avouch opinions.For example, when I asked him who he vista was trustworthy for the war, he gave me a cardinal-minute memorial lecture close how France burthen Ger numerous an(prenominal) with mending payments, which left wing the Germans economically destitute. consequently he went on to discuss all the causes that were listed in his book, which took other fifteen minutes. afterwards listening patiently for almost half an hour, I asked him who he snarl was trusty for the war when he was a child. He answered, When I was a kid, I was more interested in sports so I didnt genuinely kick who was prudent for the war. Movies. Movies and my receive win over me that Hitl er and Tojo were the ones liable for the war.I versed many things about life during populace state of war II from Bill. For example, I wise(p) that kids during that era were pro-war and very patriotic. This whitethorn use up resulted from movies that were get bying for propaganda. At that time, everyone went to the movies at least once a week, which may have greatly contri scarceed to nationalism and to the war effort. I also well-educated that many children were prompt in amass fling of aluminum, steel, iron, or opus for the war effort. I do not know if these cast aside actually helped haoma a piling of planes and ships, because it is asinine to appreciate that there was that a great deal toss away hypocrisy on the ground for the kids to collect, but it in all likelihood did get everyone involved and connected to the war effort.In addition, I well-educated that hardly a(prenominal) Americans knew about the Nisei camps or the German tightness camps durin g cosmos warfare II. It was not revealed to the universe until after the war ended. in-migration laws were not widely publicise during the war either. I intimate that confine in the unify States was not too stately and that no one famished or went thirsty(p) because of it. In fact, many felt that rationing was a major step up from the crave caused by the smashing Depression. Finally, I learned that some African Americans were the subjects of data-based testing during creation struggle II. How can Americans shamelessly censure Hitlers experimental testing on the Jews when they are committing the uniform offensive activity?

Implied Warranties Case Study

Implied Warranties side Study Implied Warranties FACTS beam and Tanya Rothing operated Diamond R Stables near Belgrade, Montana, where they bred, accomplished and interchange horses. Arnold K in every(prenominal)estad owns a ranch in Gallatin County, Montana, where he grows convert and grain, and raise red-faced Angus cattle. For more(prenominal) than twenty years, Kallestad has exchange between three hundred and 1,000 tons of convert annually, some epochs de n star it for trade in the Bozeman Daily Chronicle. In 2001, the Rothings bought convert from Kallestad for $90 a ton.They standard a delivery on April 23. In slight than ii weeks, at least cardinal of the Rothings horses exhibited symptoms of poisoning that was diagnosed as botulism. Before the bang was over, nineteen animals died. Robert Whitlock, comrade professor of cargon for and the director of the Botulism research lab at the University of dada concluded that the Kallestads hay was the source. The R othings filed a type in a Montana nation coquet against Kallestad, claiming in part, breach of the implied endorsement of merchandiserability.Kallestad asked the cost to neglect the claim on the grounds that, if botulism had been present, it had been in no focusing foreseeable. ISSUE Should the court hold this supplicate? Why or why non? Rothing v. Kallestad, 337 Mont. 193. 159. P. 3d22 (2007) DECISION The court should not grant Kallestads communicate for dismissal because he breached his nail down with the Rothings and failed to find the implied warrantee of merchantability. In accompaniment, Kallestad should be uniform to reimburse or compensate the Rothings for the goods and carrefours theyve confused due to the uncollectible product they get from Arnold Kallestads ranch.REASONS From a personal standpoint, Arnold Kallestad whitethorn have not known the authorized conditions of the hay he interchange to jibe and Tonya Rothing. For more than two decades Kalles tad provided quality alfalfa hay at a free-enterprise(a) price. This, from what the facts tell us, is the send-off major calamity to occur in spite of appearance their business relationship. tout ensemble the other(a) leveragings of hay were perfectly beautiful and free of distemper and toxins. This isolated leaveant could be viewed as an unforeseeable accident. From a legal standpoint, shaft of light and Tonya Rothing have the police on their side.The Rothings claimed Kallestad breached the implied warrantee of merchantability which is defined as a stock warrant that goods being exchange or shoot ar clean fit for the full general habit for which they are sold or directd, are flop packaged and labeled, and are of proper quality. The warranty automatically arises in every(prenominal) sale or lease of goods made by a merchant who deals in goods of the word form sold or leased (Miller and Gaylord 360). The goods in question would be the alfalfa hay Kallestad harvested from his property annually.For the purpose of this case, goods are defined as at30-2-105(1), MCA, to meanall things (including specially manufacture goods)which are moveable at the time of identification to the contract for saleother than the money in which the price is to be paid, investment securities and things in action (asci. uvm. edu). Kallestad would be considered a merchant of these goods because he has sold 300 to 1,000 tons of hay every year and advertises his product in the local anesthetic newspaper on a rule-governed basis.Therefore, it is established In Arnold Kallestads testimony, he admitted the hay the Rothings received were second cuttings and aright treated and dried. He also admitted the hay was exposed to moisture during the winter months and that, one winter, a encroach near the zaftig hay overflowed make wet to go along the westbound side of the lot of hay and past onto the road (asci. uvm. edu). During this mathematical exposure, the ov erflow of water could have contained toxins from the kingdom or standing(a) water regain on Arnold Kallestads ranch, and contaminated the hay sold to hawkshaw and Tonya Rothing.According to the U. S. matter subroutine library of Medicine, C at searidium botulinumis found in soil and untreated water end-to-end the world which whitethorn be where the botulism came from (nlm. nih. gov). As for the honorarium for the goods and products lost due to the faulty hay sold to the Rothings, Kallestad is held liable refunding all monies paid for the purchase of the hay. In addition to the refund, he must also pass by monies for the clean-up of infect areas on Diamond R. Stables, veterinarian bills for services rendered, and compensation for the 19 animals killed as a result of the hay infected with botulism. Botulism MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. U. S National program library of Medicine. Ed. Linda J. Vorvick, MD and Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD. U. S. National Library of Medicine, 24 Aug. 2011. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. . Miller, Roger LeRoy. , and Gaylord A. Jentz. Business right Today The Essentials textual matter & Summarized Cases E-commerce, Legal, Ethical, and International Environment. 9th ed. Mason, OH South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011. Print. Rothing v. Kallestad. division of Animal acquaintance (ASCI) University of Vermont. The University of Vermont. Web. 04 Mar. 2012. .

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Reflection - Essay ExampleDifferent countries have evolved separate items of mass entertainment, they can therefore be considered as their national destination.Youngsters, in the progress of their active life, learn to engage in activities mainly on the basis of information collected from mass media entertainment such as TV, music, movies, mobile and internet of course to the greatest extend these days (Nachbar 1992, p. 414). Engagement in popular culture should be productive, I mean, by way of instruction the ethical values of great works done by people in literature, art and architecture. Students need to attend sessions of cultural activities and perform their role thereby. They should carry through that culture is a source of ethical values apart from mere entertainment.Learning about modern popular culture encourages people to form a positive attitude towards their community. Movies, stage-shows or any other form of public entertainment should focus on building this attitude among people. Modern popular culture however, imprints the enthusiasm of more indigenous cultures involving tattoos, fashion design, animated photography etc in returning to the primitive style as a fashion. As the globe has been all in all trodden by man, the need for cultural globalization has already evolved. People presently have the attitude to respect and follow the indigenous culture as a connection with modern popular culture. Also, with the development of sports and folklore programs across the world, the engagement of popular art in the social life has been reinforced. Therefore, in the light of due servant of values and standards of popular culture these days, I dont consider a change in my attitude towards them unless it goes all against social ethics regular(a) on such conditions, there are legislative measures to regulate such possible

Industrialization After the Civil War Final Paper Research

Industrialization After the Civil War Final - Research Paper ExampleAccording to the standard classification in that location are two main sectors of economy. The first ace is responsible for the production of goods (agriculture, sand mining and so forth). The second one deals with the manufactured products from the first sector. The cognitive process of industrialization takes place when the second sector dominates the first one leading to the reorganization of the whole process. In this work the process of industrialization is shown on the tail end of history of the USA and its rapid growth after the Civil War.At the stage of history, however, there are major differences in the way industrializing societies are nonionic and these differences add both variety and conflict to the world scene. Many of these differences can be explained by the character of the industrializing elite who are in charge from one country to another who they are, what goals they seek, what strategies t hey follow and how they approach labor management state relations (1960) written by Clark Kerr. The Civil War in the USA (1861-1865) started on the basis of strong contradictions between the North and the sulphur. Its main aim was fighting against slave-owning system. In the first half of the XIX century agricultural South and industrial North existed as two separate economic regions. The enterprises of machinery and consumer industry were situated in the northern part of the country. The immigrants came there from different countries in order to necessitate a job at the factories, plants or other places. As a result this part of the USA was characterized by high level of life. In the South the situation was absolutely different. As a benefit the USA got a great territory after the American-Mexican War. The territory had a good climate, consequently the lands were fatty and fruitful. The South became the main agricultural region which lands were occupied by rich planters. The p roblem was that there were not enough labor resources

Individual Case Study - Managing under uncertainty

Individual - Managing under uncertainty - Case Study Example other major difference identified is the way by which the companies want to cater to their target segment. Boeing emphasized on the affair of point-to-point ashes whereas Airbus authorities judged hub-and-spoke system to be more effective for the company and deemed it as the future of the airline assiduity. 1.0 INTRODUCTION This report attempts to investigate the decision making agenda of the two transnational Aerospace and Defence Corporations namely Airbus and Boeing Airlines Company. The case made it evident that the aerospace industry has been witnessing colossal growths since the last few decades as a result of that rivalry among the established players of the industry also reached an intense state. Despite that, the concern of both the companies was associated with the ways by which they can assemble the rapidly growing market of aerospace. It has been observed that till the modern 1990s, the size of aircrafts gr ew at an even rate, but since then trend begun to shift drastically and companies started to manufacture both smaller and jumbo aircrafts (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2009 Ward and Tripp, 2013). The motive of the companies direct in the aircraft industry also shifted from enhancing market sh are to increase the profit. The companies are now apprehensive over the decision pertaining to the way they can capitalize on the opportunities provided by the industry and market. There were clear indications of the differences between the two companies pertaining to the area of concern. According to the authorities of Airbus, the hub-and-spoke system is the future of the airline industry and is plausibly the most viable option for successfully catering to the needs of the customers. On the contrary, Boeing emphasized on the use of point-to-point system, which they consider to be the pragmatic approach to satisfy the multi dimensional needs of the consumers. Therefore, a great deal of diverg ence among the decision making parameter exists between the two establishments. This report will make use of the sociological perspective to discover the challenges faced by the companies and on the basis of that companies will be subsequently recommended about the line of attack they should undertake to inhabit the issues. 2. THE DECISION MAKING FRAMEWORK AT BOEING The history of Boeing goes back to the year 1916, when the company begun its operation in Seattle, Washington, U.S. The company was founded by William Boeing and it is currently headquartered at Chicago, Illinois, unite States (Pasiuk, 2005). The company was initially incorporated under the name of Pacific Aero products Company, but within one year of operation the name was changed to Boeing Airplane Company. Due to the anterior experience of working in timber industry and knowledge on wooden structure, the designing and manufacturing of airplanes was not at all a complicated labour for him. Some of the products manu factured by the company include commercial airlines, military aircrafts, space systems, and computer systems. 2a. A sociological perspective The parameters on the basis of which the decisions are made have an insightful contact on the efficacy of the decision (Bryant, 2011 Gates, 1999). Scholars have even mentioned that a number of paradigm have profound impact on the decision

Attitude a Behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Attitude a Behavior - Research Paper ExampleThe invention is that attitude is a learned behavior. The hypothesis is to show how they relate and influence each other. Social Psychology Social psychological science is concerned with social influences upon the individual. Because it emphasizes the individual, it qualifies as psychology, yet because of its focus on the social situation it has much in common with sociology. Thus the general area where sociology and psychology overlap is called social psychology, although the issue involves far more than simply trying to find common ground between the two disciplines. Myers (1987) has identified three areas of consideration in social psychology the way people think about unrivaled another, how they influence one another, and how they relate to one other. Attitudes Social psychologists are concerned not only with the organization of attitudes but also with how attitudes can be influenced and changed. An attitude is made up of thought, fe eling, and a predisposition to act upon that thought and feeling. Sheer thought is the basis of an opinion. darn thought and feeling may technically make up an attitude a third factor, behavior is likely to result. The credibility of the person attempting to change attitudes is an big factor in determining success. The perceived intentions of the communicator are especially important. If intentions are seen as positive, influence will tend to be greater. Some have debated whether one or two-sided presentation is the most effective. Is it break out to just present one side of an issue or to give both sides? Research to time indicates that the one-sided approach is more effective if the audience is unintelligent, authoritarian or already in agreement with the stated position. Generally, however, the two-sided approach works better because the presenter sounds more objective (Jones and Brehm, 1970). Cognitive Dissonance Cognitive dissonance is an inner tension resulting from the att empt to hold two contrasting thoughts at the alike time (Festinger 1957). One of those thoughts may result from behavior therefore, if an attitude contradicts action, dissonance results. When dissonance occurs, the individual tries to relieve that tension by changing opinions, changing actions, or adding new ideas to thinking. Any of these will tend to nullify the cognitive dissonance and reduce tension over the issue. Case study Experiment Festinger demonstrated this opinion by having people perform an extremely boring task (turning knobs a quarter turn on a board). He asked each role player to dispose another person, supposedly waiting to take part in the experiment, that it was an interesting task. At this point he offered either one or twenty dollars to the participant for convincing the other person the task would be interesting. Afterward he evaluated those who were paid to see whether they had enjoyed the knob-turning task. While behavioral psychology might suggest that t he larger reward would produce the greatest change, just the opposite occurred those who received one dollar for lying the most positive about the boring task slice those who received twenty dollars changed the least in their attitudes.

Nursing. Why are you pursuing acareer in nursing What makes you Essay

Nursing. Why are you pursuing acareer in nursing What makes you capable to be a have got - Essay ExampleOften people go wary of their professions because they are not able to satisfy their urge of contributing to the society in a positive way. I am pursuing a career in nursing as this career fills in all the boxes that are required for a suitable career. International Council of Nursing includes taking care of dying, sick and handicapped, prevention of disease, advocacy, research, partaking in the formulation of health policy and health system management and go along education as parts of a nurses professional credentials (International Council of Nurses). Thus, it is obvious that as a nurse, one gets to touch upon countless lives presently or indirectly. This profession is not just about passion and humanity. It has strict codes of ethics, standards, skill and fitness and it requires one to update knowledge about his profession on regular basis. Since 1901, the profession of nurs ing has been under national regulation in most countries. As a result, working environment, pay scales and working hours have been modulated. These moves were aimed at maximizing the convenience of the nurses since they have been in a shortage for a very long time. Although much remains to be done, the profession of nursing is looked upon with commodious respect and worth in the society.

Corporate Restructuring Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporate Restructuring - Case Study ExampleOrganizations need to be more efficient and effective to ward off the ch eachenges of deregulation and hence increased competition. As a result of increased market pressures, it is unavoidable that organizations crumble and redesign all aspects of their business to re chief(prenominal) competitive.Companies around the world are awaking to new realities of an intensively competitive domain and have been undertaking extensive restructuring both at the operational and at the strategic levels. Organizations around the world need to make more decisive choices and take the challenges to leap frog to the next variety of growth. Business portfolios need to be restructured and realigned to assimilate the effects of globalization and deregulation. Companies all over the world are exploring various restructuring methodologies such as Cost cuttings, erupt customer relationship management, Resource Planning, mergers, takeovers and buy-outs to pursue focused growth.Citicorp Citicorp was the descendant of City Bank of New York which was founded On June 16, 1812, with $2 million of capital, later, in 1968 renamed as archetypal National City Bank. Large corporate savings banking was the core business of Citicorp and was one of the largest banks in the United States at the time of its merger with Travelers grouping.Traveler Traveler Group Insurance titan Travelers was founded in 1864 in Hartford, Connecticut. In the 1990s, Travelers went through a sequence of mergers and acquisitions, First with Primerica in 1993 and then Aetnas property and casualty business in 1996. Traveler was the first company in America to insure against accidents and to introduce automobile insurance policy. Making of the Giant - Acquisition In October 1996, Citigroup, Inc. was formed subsequently a $70 billion Merger between Citicorp and the Travelers Group. The Travelers Insurance acquisition added property and casualty, and life and annuities underwrit ing capabilities to the group. It also brought along the Travelers red umbrella logo, which they applied to all the businesses within the group. One notable exception is Citibank, whose logo is Citibank with a red arc over thet. The Citicorp-Travelers merger has represented a new era of inorganic growth.Motives behind MergerThe merger of Citicorp and Travelers Group took place in 1998 against the prevailing US laws such as Glass-Steagall Act which prohibited the merger of a bank with an insurance underwriter. In year 1999, before the trial period provided by Glass-Steagall Act could end, new law, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act which invalidated previous law was framed, this validated the merger. The main official motive behind this merger was expanding their product mix, customer base and , achieve cost savings and synergies and to leave a bigger footprint.Restructuring afterwards Merger Weill, then CEO of Traveler Group, proposed a structure of co-CEOs, in order to convince Citicorp to me rge, consisting himself and John reed instrument, CEO of Citicorp. This strategy was believed unworkable by umpteen business research analysts. Former Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin was brought in as a moderator between Reed and Weill . But, conflicts within the company eventually forced Reed to come out of the conglomerate.Later three co-CEOs were inducted

Housing Development Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Housing Development Process - Essay ExampleHowever, emphasis on the architectural requirements of the houses has not been significant in the conventional practice of house information, although it is as important as the structural engineering concerns of the development. Importance of an architect is further exaggerated by a social change that has increased peoples interest in fashion, looks and aesthetics. An architect ensures their achievement in the finished look of the house.The housing development process requires careful consideration of various factors other than the send off and aesthetics of the house. The development scheme originates from the need in a particular area, and the expenses available to the developers forward to development. Once the process of development of houses is felt beneficial for the community in a certain area, the developers look for the most appropriate site. A site that is just about to the market and can offer many facilities at shortest dist ance from the house is considered the best for development. Once the site is selected, the developers accumulate funds either from banks, or by investments from the public. Then the site layout is prepared. Labor accommodation, site offices, and other facilities required for the development are clearly demarcated in the site layout. The project commences with the formulation of preliminary design by the architects that is matured by the structural engineers. Cost estimates are prepared simultaneously. Once the final design and cost estimates are identified, the construction begins. The houses are constructed as per the design and schedule prepared in the start of the project. It is ensured that the construction complies with the specifications devised by the architect in the start of the project. What is equally important is to ensure that the project completes but upon or before the time expected by the customer. Exceeding the finishing time can incur huge monetary

Data Analysis Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Data Analysis Report - Essay ExampleSubjective norms refer to the beliefs ab erupt how other individuals in the society provide perceive the particular behaviour whereas perceived behavioural control is characterized by the persons perceptions with regards to their own ability in performing the specific behaviour. It has been considered that a more positive attitude and subjective norm along with a stronger behavioural control can significantly increase the persons intentions of carrying out the behaviour (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975). The application of the theory of reasoned action in various studies has shown the relevance of each of the variables as explained by the model. The findings of Ryu and SooCheong (2006) showed how subjective norms were insignificantly related to tourist intentions with regards to local cuisine whereas customer attitudes had a significant impact on behavioural intentions. Personal beliefs in any case had a positive impact on the intentions of customers. Therefore, it is of bang-up importance that efficient strategies in marketing should be carried out, especially in yielding positive outcomes on tourist attitudes towards local cuisine. Bellman et al (2009) also found out that, among female shoppers, their attitudes along with subjective norms helped influence behavioural intentions when purchasing products. ... In order to measure the perceptions of customers regarding the quality of services, their expectations can be compared with the existing delivery of services. Five dimensions were proposed- reliability that refers to the employees ability of delivering consistent services responsiveness that refers to the employees ability to provide timely assistance to their customers empathy which is demonstrated through special help and attention for customers assurance which is the ability of employees to establish trust and confidence among customers and tangibles that refer to the physical surroundings and resources. It has been ass erted that when customers are satisfied with services, they may perceive these to wee high quality (Parasuraman et al 1985) or vice versa. Other researchers such as Bolton and Drew (1991) had been in agreement with this notion and asserted that customer expiation is associated with service quality, although there have been dissimilar views on the relationship between these two concepts. Thus, it is of great importance that organisations and researchers alike be able to effectively get word the relationship between customer satisfaction and the dimensions of service quality. Customer the true has also been shown to be related to perceived service quality this form of loyalty is characterized by the attitudes demonstrated by the customers regarding repeat purchases and patronization of product. Several service quality dimensions, such as empathy, responsiveness, and reliability have all been proven to influence loyalty among customers (Caruana, 2002 Ehigie, 2006 Ndubisi, 2006 Ngu yen and LeBlanc, 2001). Yu Sum and Hui (2007) also concluded that perceptions of service quality can further be influenced by the price

Consumer Perceptions of Mobile Phone Marketing A Critical Analysis Assignment

Consumer Perceptions of Mobile Phone Marketing A Critical Analysis - Assignment ExampleThere is lack of clarity in conceptualization, and consequentially, in Operationalization of the concept, that is, measurement of the variables consisting of specific observations. Consumer perceptions of mobile phone marketing has been relegated to the second place as an incidental factor which could be inferred from the authors statement, Thus, it is proposed that a consumers train of date with their mobile phone will influence their decision to adopt or reject marketing communications sent via this channel Internet, telephone, and media are converge with greater velocity. The mobile phone is the property of the user. When his mobile phone is used without his consent for marketing, his initial reaction may be indifference or negative.The exclusives perception is dependant upon the utility derived by him. Therefore, blending utility aspect in marketing is necessary to improve the consumers pe rception. Advertising through SMS is gaining momentum as a part of mobile marketing, and the marketing strategies of trade and business cant ignore mobile phones in the field of advertising. The sample does non represent the population meaningfully. The samples used in the methodology might have been suitable for mobile phone usage in Colleges and Universities. The observations would be homogenous as it will not reflect the disparities in income in the society. Important factors such as such as income levels, age group, business or employment background, educational backgrounds etc. have no bearing on the samples selected for observation and analysis. The original study examined how a consumers perception of the relative advantages, compatibility and complexity associated with mobile phone marketing, and their involvement with their mobilephone, influenced their intention to accept marketing communication sent via this channel.

Lap 1 Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lap 1 - Lab Report ExampleThese dimensions include physical intumesceness, mental wellness, emotional wellness, spiritual wellness, occupational wellness, social wellness, and environmental wellness. In most cases, multiple dimensions of wellness often overlap as they work together in terms of reducing wellness risk factors and promoting human life thereby leading to life satisfaction. Additionally, they provide effective strategies for an individual to stay healthy by advising for adequate sleep, rest, diet, nutrients, and engaging in physical exercises as well as looking for a balanced family, work, and relationships (Hoeger, Werner, and Hoeger 12). Hence, fulfilling the seven wellness dimension means achieving healthy and a happy life. to each one of the stems that was identified in this study was to properly relate each of the seven dimensions can affect satisfaction in human life. For instance, different professions and ages as well as health or conditional status form the stu dy group so that different relationship to each or a group of dimension to each of the participants.The experiment fully reflects a full repeatability since it is fully understood that stress and business often prevent how people often relate to the environment for that they can foster their positive intention. Therefore, the experiment has fully turned the hypothesis positive. In other words, people often compliment relates to their environment in their daily lives. In most cases, stress hinder people from performing their obligations and in all the cases, the stress is often driven from the an individuals present(prenominal) environment. Therefore, the result of the experiment is real and reflect the reality of human

Changing urban conditions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Changing urban conditions - Essay ExampleThere ar many forms of offensives, but before going deep into the type of crimes, the interpretation must be known as it will serve as the basic understanding of that concept. Basically, crime is associated with the term illegal which means contrary to the law. It does non adhere to the rules as the rules known as laws are set by a nation to protect its citizens and properties. Once violated, the heap who committed the crime are punished (Bailey, 2010, p. 4). The existence of laws and crimes occurs together as laws are present to antagonize the crimes and crimes happen whether intentional or not to go against the laws.Crime can too be defined in a more formal way as it is considered as a legal concept. A crime is any guilty act that the society considers as detrimental to its interest. The punishments do not only protect people but also groups and institutions. The acts covered by the concept of crime ranges from traffic violation to ho micide, and the violators of the law receive the penalty to protect the society and correct the offenders at the same time (Cassel and Bernstein, 2007, p. 2). Punishments have been used as a form of discipline to get the desired actions for the individuals in the society. Discipline may not seem to be easy to impose on other people as it involves both pleasant and unpleasant to make the people obedient to the laws and authority (Lipsky, 1977, p. 249). The discipline imposed on the offenders is negative or unpleasant as they are secluded from most people and receive different treatment. Some even receive corporal punishment for their crimes committed. Corporal punishment is said to be gruesome as physical pain is applied to the violators or prisoners which can be in the form of electrocuting, whipping and handcuffs. Some states in America anticipate the use of such punishments (Palmer, 2010, p. 40).There are many forms of crimes, but the three broad categories are

Managerial complexity in project based operation Essay

Managerial complexity in task based operation - Essay ExampleThe decision to undertake any meaningful project comes with a lot of ch in allenging complexities that the project manger has to overcome to achieve success.Attempts to get a single concise definition for the term managerial complexity score virtually failed because there are no specific tools to measure levels of complexity of individual project. The Rational Rhapsody observes that Levels of complexity can be measured in all kinds of ways, including the number of team members or components, complexity of the design, integration of legacy code, type of content management used, and geographical distribution of the team. The complexity of projects varies in demand and input. However, an hear to give a concise measure of complexity has been done by Carver et al (2008). In doing this, Kailash (2008) observes that the writers present a qualitative empirical mold which captures both structural (static) and dynamic elements of managerial complexity in projects. The major themes introduced in the model are structural complexity and dynamic complexity. Structural complexity The Carvers model tries to make the understanding of the structural complexity of project management look easier by introducing a model that serves as the benchmark for determining the complexity of the structure of every project. In determining the structural complexity of a project, the writers put forth five (5) major dimensions from which the structural complexity of a project would be measured. The five dimensions, Mission, Organisation, Delivery, Stakeholders and Team. These are dimensions that help in determining the structural complexity of managing a project. Since the model helps in determining the structural complexity of a project, it is referred to as structural complexity model. To make it easier to remember the dimensions upon which the structural complexity is determined, an acronym, MODeST was developed to represent the first letter of each of the dimensions and the first ii letters of delivery in the dimension. The model represents an empirical basis for measuring the complexity of projects globally. This is because typical challenges faced by complexity in project and create by mental act environments in the management of all major projects around the world can be measured on the basis the dimensions of MODeST. Project managers are putting backside traditional project management strategies to get adapted to the realities of the structural complexity as proposed by Carvers et al (2008). Until now, project management has lagged behind other bodied processes in its quest for simplicity while global entities have embraced complexity, even chaos (Management Concepts, 2011). A typical real life example can be given with the setting up of an iPhone industry. With the establishment of an iPhone industry as a case study, such an industry follows the structure of MODeST as discussed above. To with, the company starts with a delegating, starting their aims and objectives for venturing into business. These aims and objectives lays bare their vision and what they want to get out of the establishment of the business. As part of their mission, there is scale of operation which includes long timescale. Stating a mission would of course not be complete or valid without stating what possible uncertainties and constraints are there to be face. Some of these constraints include legal acquisition of licence. such(prenominal) as business are would also put an organisational structure in place. As part of their organisation, the company would specify time frame of operation, trade or market space, and possible restructuring that would have to take place in the company either immediately or in the nearest future. Next, the industry will direct their delivery mode after production starts. To do this, they get an administration and management in place to take care of all duties that has to do with major decision making. There would also be a mapping strategy to determine the project

Fair value accounting Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Fair value accounting - Coursework ExampleFair value accounting has been an important aspect of US GAAP (United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) for over five decades yet its implementation increased significantly since issuance of Fair Value Measurement example (FAS 157) in 2006 by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) (Ryan, 2008 Khan, 2010).Fair value accounting, which is also known as mark to mart accounting, gained considerable amount of stain as a result of its controversial role in the financial crisis of 2007-08. Critics argued that if fair value accounting does not have direct role in the crisis, it at least exacerbated the severity of the crisis. The prominent allegation suggests that fair value accounting results in heightened leverage during the market boom period while market bust resulted in excessive write-downs. The write-downs resulted capital depletion for financial corporations, required them to sell assets, and thereby initiated downwar d spiral (Ryan, 2008 Laux and Leuz, 2009). The paper scrutinizes the accusation against the accounting approach with compliments to various facts. Additionally, the paper assesses benefits and weaknesses of the fair value accounting which has further been compared with traditional accounting for better evaluation.i. In an illiquid market, fair value accounting can be considered as a weakly defined concept that focuses on hypothetical transaction price which cannot be measured in a reliable elbow room irrespective of any kind of guideline that is provided by the FASB.ii. Studies suggest that when fair value of an asset or a liability is determined from a opening that is different from the liquid markets, the scope of engagement of the corporation in certain accounting behaviour such as discretionary income management increases due to subjective nature of the information regarding fair value.iv. Under this accounting approach, recognition of

Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Humanities - Essay ExampleFor both of them responsibility is fidelity and loading to the equity as it presents or reveals itself to their awareness or memory at the present moment.To be responsible to truth is to encounter it/respond to it for what it is. Hamlet maiden manifested it in his adamant refusal to shed the outward trappings of mourning against the protestation of his uncle king and queen mother, who wanted him to express the jubilation of their new marriage. Stubborn as he is in his fidelity and sense of responsibility towards his deceased king father, he insisted in the truth of that within which passeth show (Shakespeare, turning 1, Scene II). As for Phaedra, when pressed by Oeneoneas to the cause of her depression, she made a simple acknowledgement of the truth raging within her I feel all the furies of desire. (Racine, Act 1 Scene III). No matter how fearsome the truth is, she shrinks not in acknowledging and recognizing its potent poison. Both of them yielded to t he power of this truth but differ in the manner of their response. Hamlet refused to hide the truth Phaedra chose to languish in secret till she could bear no more to hide the truth.To be responsible to truth is to act so that that the truth comes to light, no matter what the price. When the deceased kings apparition revealed to Hamlet the dastardly act of murder committed by his uncle against his father and commanded him to execute vengeance, Hamlet subsequently manifested a prolonged ambivalence towards acting on the manifestation. Far from fear of the challenge, Hamlets tarrying was rather a strong proof of his commitment and responsibility for truth. His words prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, (Shakespeare, Act III, Scene I) belied his confidence in the apparitions revelation and could not commit himself to such unverified disclosure. He, however, was committed to ascertain the truthfulness of the apparitions revelation,

George and Lennie Comparison Essay Example for Free

George and Lennie Comparison EssayGeorge and Lennie, two extraordinary characters in Of Mice and Men, Similar yet very different. Both Lennie and George rely on their knowledge to survive. Lennie depends on his friendship with George to make the correct desisions. George relies on the friendship he has with Lennie in order to plan for the future. While Lennie depends on George, in some ways George depends on Lennie. For example, despite Georges impatience and annoyance with Lennie, and his remarks about how easy his life would be without him, George would lead a much harder life. George always explains to Lennie what is correct and incorrect and makes incontestable that Lennie behaves. Finally, in order for George to have a future in mind, George needs Lennie.George and Lenny two shared the same type of hard work, and both of them lacked friendship in their lives. Both George and Lenny want something more in life they are both dreamers. Their similarities lay below the surf ace where they appear different.George is a small, quick man with percipient features. A migrant ranch worker, George dreamt of one day saving enough money to buy his own place and be his own boss, living withdraw of the land. The hindrance to his objective is his mentally handicapped companion, Lennie, with whom he has traveled and worked since Lennies Aunt Clara, whom George knew, died. The majority of Georges energy is devoted to looking after Lennie, whose blunders prevent George from working toward his dream, or even living the life of a normal rancher. Thus, Georges conflict arises in Lennie, to whom he has the ties of long- time companionship that he so often yearns to break in order to live the life of which he dreams. This tension strains George into demonstrating various emotions, ranging from anger to patience to sadness to pride and to hope.Georges companion, the source of the novels conflict. Lennie, enormous, ungainly, and mentally slow, is Georges polar opposite bot h mentally and physically. Lennies ignorance and innocence and helplessness, his childish actions, such as his desire to pet soft things, contrast his physical bulk, making him likeable to readers. Although devoid of cruel intentions, Lennies senselessness and carelessness cause him to unwittingly harm animals and people, which creates trouble for both him and George.Lennie is tirelessly devoted to George and delights in hearing him tell of the dream of having a farm, but he does not desire the dream of the American worker in the same way that George does. His understanding of Georges dream is more childish and he grows excited at the possibility of tending the future rabbits, most likely because it will afford him a chance to pet their soft hides as much as he wishes. Nevertheless, a dream is a dream, different for everyone, and George and Lennie share the similar attribute of desiring what they havent got. Lennie, however, is helpless to attain his dream, and remains a static cha racter throughout, relying on George to elicit is hope and save him from trouble

In Tim OBrien Essay Example for Free

In Tim OBrien EssayIn Tim OBriens How to mark a True War Story, the author tries to humanize warf atomic number 18 by letting the reviewer know how absolutely difficult telling a war paper is. He does this by giving many unsolicited pieces of advice about how to tell a true war story, moreover many of them directly run afoul each other or do not make sense when comp ard side-by-side. In giving these pieces of advice, he is overly telling war stories that either do or do not fit his own criteria. And yet, he humanizes the people involved in fighting this war by giving the endorser these lessons. atomic number 53 great example of this is when he tells the story of Rat kiley and Lemmons. OBrien begins by telling the reader that a true war story is neer moral(OBrien). He continues with, If at the end of a war story you feel uplifted, then you have been made the victim of a very old and terrible lie (OBrien). Then he tells us first the story of Rat Kiley writing this letter t o the sister of his best friend who died. Kiley pours his heart out to this woman and she never writers back, and he has a derogatory comwork forcet about the sister.This certainly is not uplifting, but Rat Kiley has been humanized. The reader can somewhat imagine writing this letter and gains what it would take to write a letter like this, and then to have it unacknowledged. While OBrien tells us almost nothing directly of the character of Rat Kiley, the reader learns mounds of information about his character nonetheless. OBrien continues on to tell us about the finale of Lemmons, and then he explains that even his own telling of the story is subjective.What he thinks he saw versus what might have actu exclusivelyy happened are two varied things. We didnt know Lemmons, but again, we feel like we know something of his character from hearing this story. OBrien is able to provide such beautiful or not so beautiful characterizations of these custody without really telling the read er anything. except these men are humanized for us. They are not statistics in a war they are real men. Another lesson OBrien teaches is that In a true war story, if theres a moral at all, its like the sop up that makes the cloth.You cant tease it out. You cant extract the meaning without unraveling the deeper meaning. He tells us that true war stories do not generalize but they make us feel it in our stomachs. We cant generalize to something simple like War is hell. He then tells us another story of Rat Kiley when he slowly slaughters the water system buffalo. The reader is horrified, but also at some level understands why Rat Kiley did this. The water buffalo becomes a symbol of the breakdown during war itself. The incredible need for violence and retribution is strong.It is a horribly sad story of the slaughter of an animal. But based on what we already know about just what Rat Kiley has been through, we understand him on some gut level. War is hell, but it is also mystery an d beauty. Though its odd, youre never more alive than when youre almost dead. The reader can understand this and understand the characters better because of it. These men are not monsters they are just men.They are fighting a terrible war and are forced to do terrible things, but they are human. At the hour of dusk you sit at your foxhole and look out on a wide river turning pinkish red, and at the mountains beyond, and although in the morning you mustiness cross the river and go into the mountains and do terrible things and maybe, die, even so, you find yourself studying the fine colors on the river, you feel wonder and astonishment at the setting of the sun, and you are filled with a hard, aching love for how the world could be and always should be, but now is not (OBrien). This passage describes all men in war, and even though Rat Kiley has done terrible things, we understand a little bit about what he must be thinking.We understand how these men value their lives even more be cause of war. In OBriens unique way, these men are truly humanized. By providing the reader with various instructions throughout the story about what a true war story isnt and what a true war story is, these men are deeply humanized. The reader understands from Tim OBrien that war is never as simple as it seems, and neither are the men who fight the war. He tells us horrible stories about these men, and yet, these stories help us to understand the men better.With the commentary OBrien provides about how to write a true war story, the reader understands so many things. We understand that these true war stories may not even actually be true in the most common sense of the word. We understand that, no matter what, they are never simple. The lessons are never clear. They are not pretty, and if they are, they are not true. In other words, the characters of war are as complex as the reasons we fight wars. While it would be nice to have a tidy moral, there are none. At the bottom of it all are human lives. These men are not heroes and they are not monsters.